Manufacturer:	Samsung
Type:	SSD
Model:	830
Firmware:	CXM03B1Q
Capacity:	128 GB
Spindle Speed:	-
Interface:	SATA 6 Gb/s
Cache:	-
NCQ:	Yes

CPU Model

grep name /proc/cpuinfo | uniq
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 0 @ 2.00GHz

CPU Threads

cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/topology/core_id | wc -l
12

Cores per CPU

cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/topology/core_id | sort | uniq | wc -l
6

Kernel

uname -a
Linux roesler 2.6.32-14-pve #1 SMP Tue Aug 21 08:24:37 CEST 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Memory

# limited to 1 GB
grep Memory: /var/log/dmesg
Memory: 992536k/1048576k available (5312k kernel code, 472k absent, 55568k reserved, 7021k data, 1316k init)

Memory Performance

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=32M count=1000
33554432000 bytes (34 GB) copied, 4.73456 s, 7.1 GB/s

Disk Controller

lspci | grep AHCI
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation C600/X79 series chipset 6-Port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 06)

Disk Status

egrep 'ata[0-9]\.|SATA link up' /var/log/dmesg
ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
ata1.00: ATA-9: SAMSUNG SSD 830 Series, CXM03B1Q, max UDMA/133
ata1.00: 250069680 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32), AA
ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133

HDD Performance (STOCK)

blockdev --getra /dev/sda
256
cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
[noop] anticipatory deadline cfq
cat /sys/block/sda/device/queue_depth
31

blockdev --rereadpt /dev/sda && sleep 3
parted /dev/sda mklabel msdos
parted /dev/sda mkpart p 2048s 64g; sleep 3
blockdev --rereadpt /dev/sda && sleep 3
mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda1
mount -o noatime /dev/sda1 /mnt
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
bonnie++ -f -n 128:4096:4096 -r 24000 -d /mnt -u root
Version  1.96       ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random-
Concurrency   1     -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks--
Machine        Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP  /sec %CP
roesler         47G           306406 59 156598 21           448005 24 +++++ +++
Latency                         228ms     247ms              1945us    3429us
Version  1.96       ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create--------
roesler             -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete--
files:max:min        /sec %CP  /sec %CP  /sec %CP  /sec %CP  /sec %CP  /sec %CP
      128:4096:4096 17073  88 23230  25 44331  63 38527  85 69772  40 42064  62
Latency               191ms    1042us     118ms     108ms    2116us     113ms
umount /mnt

cd /tmp; wget http://debian.gsd-software.net/benchmark/seeker_baryluk_amd64; chmod +x seeker_baryluk_amd64
for threads in 01 02 04 08 16 32; do echo -n "Threads: $threads "; ./seeker_baryluk_amd64 /dev/sda $threads | grep Results; sleep 1; done
Threads: 01 Results: 8776 seeks/second, 0.114 ms random access time (245341 < offsets < 128034919923)
Threads: 02 Results: 15406 seeks/second, 0.065 ms random access time (239498 < offsets < 128035417821)
Threads: 04 Results: 25883 seeks/second, 0.039 ms random access time (51095 < offsets < 128035641877)
Threads: 08 Results: 39250 seeks/second, 0.025 ms random access time (526873 < offsets < 128035632517)
Threads: 16 Results: 50435 seeks/second, 0.020 ms random access time (13057 < offsets < 128035647720)
Threads: 32 Results: 57368 seeks/second, 0.017 ms random access time (85079 < offsets < 128035663699)

fio --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=write --bs=4k --runtime=60 --numjobs=1 --group_reporting --name=file1
file1: (g=0): rw=write, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/87859K /s] [0/21K iops] [eta 00m:00s]
file1: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=2932
  write: io=5066MB, bw=86456KB/s, iops=21613, runt= 60000msec
    clat (usec): min=31, max=693, avg=44.55, stdev= 4.70
    bw (KB/s) : min=85368, max=88600, per=100.01%, avg=86463.19, stdev=1080.80
  cpu          : usr=10.66%, sys=27.75%, ctx=1296853, majf=0, minf=28
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w: total=0/1296833, short=0/0
     lat (usec): 50=86.90%, 100=13.09%, 250=0.01%, 750=0.01%

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=5066MB, aggrb=86455KB/s, minb=88530KB/s, maxb=88530KB/s, mint=60000msec, maxt=60000msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=25/1294998, merge=0/0, ticks=4/35359, in_queue=34952, util=58.26%

fio --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=randwrite --bs=4k --runtime=60 --numjobs=1 --group_reporting --name=file1 --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=32
file1: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=32
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [w] [100.0% done] [0K/131M /s] [0/33K iops] [eta 00m:00s]
file1: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=2955
  write: io=7855MB, bw=134055KB/s, iops=33513, runt= 60001msec
    slat (usec): min=3, max=214, avg= 8.55, stdev= 6.58
    clat (usec): min=248, max=32559, avg=943.64, stdev=303.90
    bw (KB/s) : min=127520, max=137912, per=100.01%, avg=134070.18, stdev=1407.63
  cpu          : usr=12.10%, sys=43.37%, ctx=497724, majf=0, minf=1121
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=100.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w: total=0/2010865, short=0/0
     lat (usec): 250=0.01%, 500=0.31%, 750=9.66%, 1000=57.49%
     lat (msec): 2=32.51%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.02%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=7855MB, aggrb=134055KB/s, minb=137272KB/s, maxb=137272KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=11/2008037, merge=0/0, ticks=1/1847848, in_queue=1847275, util=99.87%

fio --readonly --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=read --bs=4k --runtime=60 --numjobs=1 --group_reporting --name=file1
file1: (g=0): rw=read, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [R] [100.0% done] [99M/0K /s] [25K/0 iops] [eta 00m:00s]
file1: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=2968
  read : io=5783MB, bw=98693KB/s, iops=24673, runt= 60001msec
    clat (usec): min=28, max=690, avg=38.38, stdev= 7.99
    bw (KB/s) : min=97880, max=100360, per=100.01%, avg=98702.59, stdev=303.84
  cpu          : usr=14.04%, sys=24.87%, ctx=1480439, majf=0, minf=30
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w: total=1480423/0, short=0/0
     lat (usec): 50=99.06%, 100=0.94%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=5783MB, aggrb=98693KB/s, minb=101061KB/s, maxb=101061KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=1478396/0, merge=0/0, ticks=30798/0, in_queue=30407, util=50.68%

fio --readonly --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=randread --bs=4k --runtime=60 --numjobs=1 --group_reporting --name=file1 --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=32
file1: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=32
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [r] [100.0% done] [298M/0K /s] [74K/0 iops] [eta 00m:00s]
file1: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=2976
  read : io=17598MB, bw=300331KB/s, iops=75082, runt= 60001msec
    slat (usec): min=3, max=244, avg= 8.50, stdev= 3.58
    clat (usec): min=72, max=3134, avg=415.45, stdev=87.04
    bw (KB/s) : min=293656, max=304912, per=100.01%, avg=300353.95, stdev=3154.81
  cpu          : usr=14.08%, sys=78.58%, ctx=497835, majf=0, minf=1279
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=100.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w: total=4505047/0, short=0/0
     lat (usec): 100=0.01%, 250=0.50%, 500=82.93%, 750=16.35%, 1000=0.19%
     lat (msec): 2=0.03%, 4=0.01%

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=17598MB, aggrb=300331KB/s, minb=307539KB/s, maxb=307539KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=4498473/0, merge=0/0, ticks=1847389/0, in_queue=1845902, util=99.86%

echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/null bs=1M count=16000
16777216000 bytes (17 GB) copied, 66.8873 s, 251 MB/s
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=1M count=16000
16777216000 bytes (17 GB) copied, 54.2029 s, 310 MB/s

HDD Performance (WRITE ONCE)

fio --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=write --bs=1M --numjobs=1 --group_reporting --name=file1
file1: (g=0): rw=write, bs=1M-1M/1M-1M, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/308M /s] [0/301 iops] [eta 00m:00s]
file1: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=3266
  write: io=122104MB, bw=306551KB/s, iops=299, runt=407875msec
    clat (usec): min=2280, max=24317, avg=3337.41, stdev=405.20
    bw (KB/s) : min=273884, max=312718, per=100.10%, avg=306849.94, stdev=6497.74
  cpu          : usr=0.14%, sys=2.38%, ctx=122256, majf=0, minf=42
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w: total=0/122104, short=0/0
     lat (msec): 4=94.34%, 10=5.65%, 50=0.01%

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=122104MB, aggrb=306551KB/s, minb=313908KB/s, maxb=313908KB/s, mint=407875msec, maxt=407875msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=25/244163, merge=0/0, ticks=2/552538, in_queue=552264, util=98.24%

fio --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=write --bs=4k --runtime=60 --numjobs=1 --group_reporting --name=file1
file1: (g=0): rw=write, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/88723K /s] [0/22K iops] [eta 00m:00s]
file1: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=3380
  write: io=5086MB, bw=86804KB/s, iops=21700, runt= 60001msec
    clat (usec): min=32, max=705, avg=44.22, stdev= 4.85
    bw (KB/s) : min=86248, max=87872, per=100.01%, avg=86808.34, stdev=264.18
  cpu          : usr=11.33%, sys=28.39%, ctx=1302104, majf=0, minf=28
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w: total=0/1302079, short=0/0
     lat (usec): 50=87.23%, 100=12.77%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=5086MB, aggrb=86803KB/s, minb=88887KB/s, maxb=88887KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=25/1300294, merge=0/0, ticks=3/36094, in_queue=35695, util=59.50%

fio --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=randwrite --bs=4k --runtime=60 --numjobs=1 --group_reporting --name=file1 --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=32
file1: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=32
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [w] [100.0% done] [0K/6684K /s] [0/1632 iops] [eta 00m:00s]
file1: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=3469
  write: io=2845MB, bw=48465KB/s, iops=12116, runt= 60105msec
    slat (usec): min=3, max=188, avg= 8.54, stdev= 6.52
    clat (usec): min=242, max=287337, avg=2629.83, stdev=7553.07
    bw (KB/s) : min= 2276, max=124904, per=101.66%, avg=49270.09, stdev=54811.46
  cpu          : usr=5.17%, sys=15.89%, ctx=204696, majf=0, minf=980
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=100.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w: total=0/728242, short=0/0
     lat (usec): 250=0.01%, 500=0.53%, 750=2.12%, 1000=34.07%
     lat (msec): 2=53.64%, 4=0.71%, 10=1.52%, 20=4.71%, 50=2.52%
     lat (msec): 100=0.09%, 250=0.08%, 500=0.01%

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=2845MB, aggrb=48464KB/s, minb=49627KB/s, maxb=49627KB/s, mint=60105msec, maxt=60105msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=25/728118, merge=0/0, ticks=4/1890752, in_queue=1890792, util=99.88%

fio --readonly --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=read --bs=4k --runtime=60 --numjobs=1 --group_reporting --name=file1
file1: (g=0): rw=read, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [R] [100.0% done] [98M/0K /s] [25K/0 iops] [eta 00m:00s]
file1: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=3437
  read : io=5788MB, bw=98774KB/s, iops=24693, runt= 60000msec
    clat (usec): min=28, max=1144, avg=38.38, stdev= 8.09
    bw (KB/s) : min=97816, max=117952, per=100.01%, avg=98783.39, stdev=2023.19
  cpu          : usr=14.28%, sys=24.64%, ctx=1481624, majf=0, minf=30
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w: total=1481603/0, short=0/0
     lat (usec): 50=98.91%, 100=1.09%, 250=0.01%, 750=0.01%
     lat (msec): 2=0.01%

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=5788MB, aggrb=98773KB/s, minb=101144KB/s, maxb=101144KB/s, mint=60000msec, maxt=60000msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=1479588/0, merge=0/0, ticks=30672/0, in_queue=30290, util=50.49%

fio --readonly --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --rw=randread --bs=4k --runtime=60 --numjobs=1 --group_reporting --name=file1 --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=32
file1: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=32
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [r] [100.0% done] [304M/0K /s] [76K/0 iops] [eta 00m:00s]
file1: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=3429
  read : io=17788MB, bw=303581KB/s, iops=75895, runt= 60001msec
    slat (usec): min=3, max=354, avg= 8.54, stdev= 3.56
    clat (usec): min=140, max=2828, avg=410.85, stdev=87.63
    bw (KB/s) : min=294624, max=304944, per=100.00%, avg=303585.48, stdev=1121.33
  cpu          : usr=14.29%, sys=79.67%, ctx=422577, majf=0, minf=1302
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=100.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w: total=4553797/0, short=0/0
     lat (usec): 250=0.30%, 500=86.47%, 750=12.82%, 1000=0.34%
     lat (msec): 2=0.07%, 4=0.01%

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=17788MB, aggrb=303581KB/s, minb=310867KB/s, maxb=310867KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=4547133/0, merge=0/0, ticks=1846789/0, in_queue=1845187, util=99.86%